Weather Science

Meteorology is the scientific study of weather. The weather is all phenomena in a given atmosphere at a given time. It also includes interactions with the hydrosphere. The term usually refers to the activity of these phenomena over short periods (hours or days), as opposed to the term climate, which refers to the average atmospheric conditions over longer periods of time.

Weather mostly results from temperature differences from one place to another. Temperature differences occur because areas closer to the equator receive more solar energy from the sun than do regions closer to the poles. Locally, temperature differences can occur because different surfaces (such as oceans, forests, ice sheets, or man-made objects) have different physical characteristics such as reflectivity, roughness, or moisture content.

Surface temperature differences in turn cause pressure differences. A hot surface heats the air above it and the air expands, lowering the air pressure. The resulting horizontal pressure gradient accelerates the air from high to low pressure, creating wind, and Earth's rotation then causes curvature of the flow via the Coriolis effect.

Common weather phenomena include wind, cloud, rain, snow, fog and dust storms. Less common events include natural disasters such as tornadoes, hurricanes and ice storms. Because the Earth's axis are tilted relative to its orbital plane, sunlight levels change at any spot during the year. This effect causes seasons.

Source Wikipedia.org

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